Overview

Temporomandibular disorder (TMD) is a condition affecting the jaw joint and muscles. It's not usually serious and often gets better on its own in a couple of weeks.

Symptoms of temporomandibular disorder (TMD)

Symptoms of TMD include:

• pain around your jaw, ear, and temple
• clicking, popping, or grinding noises when you move your jaw
• headache around your temples
• difficulty opening your mouth fully
• jaw locking when you open your mouth

The pain may be worse when chewing and when you feel stressed.

TMD can also stop you getting a good night's sleep.

Self-care

There are some simple things you can do to try to reduce your jaw pain.

Do:

• eat soft food, like pasta, omelettes and soup
• take paracetamol or ibuprofen
• hold ice packs or heat packs to the jaw, whichever feels better
• massage the jaw muscles
• try to find ways to relax

Don't:

• chew gum or pen tops
• bite food with your front teeth
• yawn too wide
• bite your nails
• clench your teeth
• rest your chin on your hand

When to seek medical advice

Treatment for temporomandibular disorder (TMD) can be sought from a dentist or GP.

Contact your GP if:

• you're unable to eat or drink
• the pain is affecting your life
• the pain is affecting your sleep
• the pain and discomfort keep coming back

Your GP may suggest:

• stronger painkillers
• relaxation techniques to reduce stress
• ways to improve your sleep

You may also be recommended to see:

• a dentist if teeth grinding might be an issue
• a psychologist if stress and anxiety are making your pain worse
• a physiotherapist for advice about jaw exercises and massage

If these treatments do not help, you may be referred to a specialist in joint problems to discuss other options, such as painkilling injections or surgery.

Causes of temporomandibular disorder (TMD)

TMD is associated with:

• teeth grinding
• wear and tear of the joint
• a blow to the head or face
• stress
• an uneven bite